Manual Database Creation with screen shots

After the installation of Oracle Software on the system, We can create the database either manually or using DBCA.
 Here, we are seeing how to create a database manually.


Setting Parameters :

Login as root user

  

   #groupadd -g 500 dba

   #useradd -u 501 -g 500 -s /bin/bash -d /home oracle

   #passwd oracle

   #chmod -R 777 /home

   #chown  -R oracle:dba /home

   #vi /etc/sysctl.conf

# ADD THE FOLLOWING LINES

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default=262144

net.core.rmem_max=262144

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_max=262144

Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters:

/sbin/sysctl -p

#init 6 (restart the system)

Login as oracle user

  

$vi .bash_profile

# Add the following lines

export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=demo

$. .bash_profile

$sqlplus '/as sysdba'

connected to an idle instance

SQL > exit

$cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

Copy the init.ora file to init$ORACLE_SID.ora and then open the init$ORACLE_SID.ora and modify the following parameters

            db_name=demo

            shared_pool_size=90m

            control_files=/home/demo/control1.ctl,/home/demo/control2.ctl

dbs~] $cp init.ora init$ORACLE_SID.ora

dbs~] $ vi init$ORACLE_SID.ora

Before the modification of the init file, it looks like 

Make the necessary changes, 

Add the new paths and new name for the database ex: demo

User_dump_dest=/home/prd/udump

Core_dump_dest=/home/prd/cdump

Background_dump_dest=/home

After changing the parameter in the parameter file ,just save and exit.

Note: we can create  a directory at oracle home

i.e $cd

$mkdir demo

$cd demo

$mkdir udump bdump cdump

connect as sysdba and start the database in nomount mode

$ . .bash_profile

$sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> startup nomount

Database is created in nomount stage.

Here sga created and background processes are started.

To know the base tables

SQL>select * from user$;

To know the users

SQL>select name from user$;

When database instance is started issue the create database script at SQL prompt.

Execute the following scripts.

            SQL>@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

                             Or

            SQL>@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

                           Or 

            SQL>@/home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

                           and            

            SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

            

            Connect system/manger

            SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

Now you have created a manual database and is ready to use :)